PYQT5开启多个线程和窗口,多线程与多窗口的交互实例

时间：2021-01-12 python教程查看: 853

每点击一次按钮,弹出一个对话框(子窗口),同时开启一个子线程来执行任务并更新对话框内容,关闭对话框则关闭对应子线程

1. 建立一个简单的主界面和一个自定义对话框

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
 def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
  MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
  MainWindow.resize(327, 303)
  self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
  self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
  self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
  self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
  spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
  self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem, 0, 0, 1, 1)
  self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
  self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
  self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton, 0, 1, 1, 1)
  spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
  self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem1, 0, 2, 1, 1)
  MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
  self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
  self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 327, 23))
  self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
  MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
  self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
  self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
  MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

  self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
  self.pushButton.clicked.connect(MainWindow.open_dialog)
  QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

 def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
  _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
  MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
  self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "多线程弹窗"))


class Ui_Dialog(object):
 def setupUi(self, Dialog):
  Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
  Dialog.resize(369, 128)
  self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(Dialog)
  self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
  self.buttonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(Dialog)
  self.buttonBox.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
  self.buttonBox.setStandardButtons(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel|QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
  self.buttonBox.setObjectName("buttonBox")
  self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.buttonBox, 1, 0, 1, 1)
  self.progressBar = QtWidgets.QProgressBar(Dialog)
  self.progressBar.setProperty("value", 24)
  self.progressBar.setObjectName("progressBar")
  self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.progressBar, 0, 0, 1, 1)

  self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
  self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(Dialog.accept)
  self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(Dialog.reject)
  QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

 def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
  _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
  Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))

2. 每点击一次按钮,打开一个弹窗

class DialogWindow(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(DialogWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)


class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)

 def open_dialog(self):
  dialog = DialogWindow(self)
  dialog.show()


if __name__ == "__main__":
 app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mainWindow = MainWindow()
 mainWindow.show()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

3. 打开弹窗的同时,打开一个子线程,更新对话框中的进度条

在子线程定义信号,关联对话框更新进度条的槽函数

class DialogWindow(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(DialogWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)

 def update_progressbar(self, p_int):
  self.progressBar.setValue(p_int) # 更新进度条


class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)
  self.count = 0

 def open_dialog(self):
  dialog = DialogWindow(self)
  dialog.show()
  self.thread = RunThread(self.count)
  self.count += 1
  self.thread.update_pb.connect(dialog.update_progressbar) # 关联
  self.thread.start()


class RunThread(QThread):
 update_pb = pyqtSignal(int) # 定义更新进度条的信号

 def __init__(self, count):
  super().__init__()
  self.count = count

 def run(self):
  for i in range(100):
   print('thread%s' % self.count, i, QThread().currentThreadId())
   self.update_pb.emit(i)
   time.sleep(1)
  pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
 app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mainWindow = MainWindow()
 mainWindow.show()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

4. 关闭对话框,则关闭对应子线程

在对话框中添加自定义信号,并重写关闭事件,在关闭窗口时发送关闭子线程的信号

class DialogWindow(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
 stop_thread = pyqtSignal() # 定义关闭子线程的信号

 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(DialogWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)

 def update_progressbar(self, p_int):
  self.progressBar.setValue(p_int)

 def closeEvent(self, event):
  self.stop_thread.emit()
  pass


class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)
  self.count = 0

 def open_dialog(self):
  dialog = DialogWindow(self)
  dialog.show()
  self.thread = RunThread(self.count)
  self.count += 1
  self.thread.update_pb.connect(dialog.update_progressbar)
  dialog.stop_thread.connect(self.thread.terminate)
  self.thread.start()


class RunThread(QThread):
 update_pb = pyqtSignal(int)

 def __init__(self, count):
  super().__init__()
  self.count = count

 def run(self):
  for i in range(1, 101):
   print('thread_%s' % self.count, i, QThread().currentThreadId())
   self.update_pb.emit(i)
   time.sleep(1)
  pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
 app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mainWindow = MainWindow()
 mainWindow.show()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

5. 使用线程池QThreadPool管理子线程

使用QThreadPool, 线程需要继承QRunnable,而QRunnable只是namespace,没有继承QT的信号机制,

所以需要另外继承QObject来使用信号,我这里直接在线程中使用封装的信号向外部传递信息

class DialogWindow(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
 stop_thread = pyqtSignal() # 定义关闭子线程的信号

 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(DialogWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)

 def update_progressbar(self, p_int):
  self.progressBar.setValue(p_int)

 def closeEvent(self, event):
  self.stop_thread.emit()
  pass


class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
  super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
  self.setupUi(self)
  self.count = 0
  self.pool = QThreadPool()
  self.pool.globalInstance()
  self.pool.setMaxThreadCount(10) # 设置最大线程数

 def open_dialog(self):
  dialog = DialogWindow(self)
  dialog.show()
  thread = RunThread(self.count)
  self.count += 1
  thread.signal.update_pb.connect(dialog.update_progressbar)
  # dialog.stop_thread.connect(thread.stop)
  # self.thread.start()
  self.pool.start(thread) # 线程池分配一个线程运行该任务


class Signal(QObject):
 update_pb = pyqtSignal(int)


class RunThread(QRunnable):
 def __init__(self, count):
  super().__init__()
  self.count = count
  self.signal = Signal() # 信号

 def run(self):
  for i in range(1, 101):
   print('thread_%s' % self.count, i, QThread().currentThreadId())
   self.signal.update_pb.emit(i)
   time.sleep(1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
 app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mainWindow = MainWindow()
 mainWindow.show()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

QThreadPool没有释放正在运行的线程的方法

以上这篇PYQT5开启多个线程和窗口,多线程与多窗口的交互实例就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持python博客。

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