时间:2020-11-04 python教程 查看: 1008
题目描述:
给定一个没有排序的链表,去掉重复项,并保留原顺序 如: 1->3->1->5->5->7,去掉重复项后变为:1->3->5->7
方法:
1.顺序删除
由于这种方法采用双重循环对链表进行遍历,因此,时间复杂度为O(n**2)
在遍历链表的过程中,使用了常数个额外的指针变量来保存当前遍历的结点,前驱结点和被删除的结点,所以空间复杂度为O(1)
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2020/1/15 20:55
# @Author : buu
# @Software: PyCharm
# @Blog :https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44321080
class LNode:
def __init__(self, x):
self.data = x
self.next = None
def removeDup(head):
"""
对带头结点的无序单链表删除重复的结点
顺序删除:通过双重循环直接在链表上进行删除操作
即,外层循环用一个指针从第一个结点开始遍历整个链表,内层循环从外层指针指向的下一个结点开始,
遍历其余结点,将与外层循环遍历到的的指针所指的结点的数据域相同的结点删除
:param head: 头指针
:return:
"""
if head is None or head.next is None:
return
outerCur = head.next
innerCur = None
innerPre = None
while outerCur is not None:
innerCur = outerCur.next
innerPre = outerCur
while innerCur is not None:
if outerCur.data == innerCur.data:
innerPre.next = innerCur.next
innerCur = innerCur.next
else:
innerPre = innerCur
innerCur = innerCur.next
outerCur = outerCur.next
if __name__ == '__main__':
i = 1
head = LNode(6)
tmp = None
cur = head
while i < 7:
if i % 2 == 0:
tmp = LNode(i + 1)
elif i % 3 == 0:
tmp = LNode(i - 2)
else:
tmp = LNode(i)
cur.next = tmp
cur = tmp
i += 1
print("before removeDup:")
cur = head.next
while cur is not None:
print(cur.data, end=' ')
cur = cur.next
removeDup(head)
print("\nafter removeDup:")
cur = head.next
while cur is not None:
print(cur.data, end=' ')
cur = cur.next
结果:
2.递归
此方法与方法一类似,从本质上而言,由于这种方法需要对链表进行双重遍历,所以时间复杂度为O(n**2)
由于递归法会增加许多额外的函数调用,所以从理论上讲,该方法效率比方法一低
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2020/1/15 21:30
# @Author : buu
# @Software: PyCharm
# @Blog :https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44321080
class LNode:
def __init__(self, x):
self.data = x
self.next = None
def removeDupRecursion(head):
"""
递归法:将问题逐步分解为小问题,即,对于结点cur,首先递归地删除以cur.next为首
的子链表中重复的结点;接着删除以cur为首的链表中的重复结点,
:param head:
:return:
"""
if head.next is None:
return head
pointer = None
cur = head
head.next = removeDupRecursion(head.next)
pointer = head.next
while pointer is not None:
if head.data == pointer.data:
cur.next = pointer.next
pointer = cur.next
else:
pointer = pointer.next
cur = cur.next
return head
def removeDup(head):
"""
对带头结点的单链表删除重复结点
:param head: 链表头结点
:return:
"""
if head is None:
return
head.next = removeDupRecursion(head.next)
if __name__ == '__main__':
i = 1
head = LNode(6)
tmp = None
cur = head
while i < 7:
if i % 2 == 0:
tmp = LNode(i + 1)
elif i % 3 == 0:
tmp = LNode(i - 2)
else:
tmp = LNode(i)
cur.next = tmp
cur = tmp
i += 1
print("before recursive removeDup:")
cur = head.next
while cur is not None:
print(cur.data, end=' ')
cur = cur.next
removeDup(head)
print("\nafter recurseve removeDup:")
cur = head.next
while cur is not None:
print(cur.data, end=' ')
cur = cur.next
结果:
引申:从有序链表中删除重复项
上述介绍的方法也适用于链表有序的情况,但是由于上述方法没有充分利用到链表有序这个条件,因此,算法的性能肯定不是最优的。本题中,由于链表具有有序性,因此不需要对链表进行两次遍历。所以有如下思路:
用cur指向链表的第一个结点,此时需要分为以下两种情况讨论:
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的python无序链表删除重复项的方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对python博客网站的支持!
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