通过Turtle库在Python中绘制一个鼠年福鼠

时间：2020-10-22 python教程查看: 1008

turtle库是一个很经典的绘图库，其最初来自于1967年创造的logo编程语言，之后被Python编写放到了Python的内置模块中。网络上有很多借助于turtle绘制精美图像的案例。比如小猪佩奇、皮卡丘、柯基犬等等。趁着新年假期还未结束，今天州的先生（https://zmister.com）为大家带来一个福鼠的绘制。

一、绘制鼠头

首先，咱们（https://zmister.com）把鼠的头给绘制了。鼠头主要是由圆来构成，脸庞是一个大圆，耳朵、眉毛、眼睛、嘴角和鼻子也都是由不同弧度的圆构成。鼠头的绘制代码如下所示：

def head():
 turtle.color('black')

 # 脸轮廓
 turtle.pd() # 落笔
 turtle.circle(50) # 画一个半径为50的圆
 turtle.pu() # 提笔

 # 右耳轮廓
 turtle.goto(50,60) # 移动到x=50,y=60的位置
 turtle.pd() # 落笔
 turtle.circle(30,260) # 画一个半径为30，角度为245的圆弧
 turtle.pu() # 提笔
 # 右耳耳纹
 turtle.goto(30,90)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(65)
 turtle.circle(-30,70)
 turtle.pu()

 # 左耳轮廓
 turtle.goto(-50,60)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(180) # 设置方向为西，
 turtle.circle(-30,260)
 turtle.pu()
 # 左耳耳纹
 turtle.goto(-30,90)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(120)
 turtle.circle(30,70)
 turtle.pu()

 # 面部五官
 # 右侧眉毛
 turtle.goto(5,80)
 turtle.seth(20)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-25,40)
 turtle.pu()
 # 左侧眉毛
 turtle.goto(-5,80)
 turtle.seth(160)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(25,40)
 turtle.pu()

 # 右侧眼睛
 turtle.begin_poly()
 turtle.goto(8,60)
 turtle.seth(45)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-15,120)
 turtle.pu()
 turtle.goto(8,60)
 turtle.seth(40)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-15,100)
 turtle.pu()
 turtle.end_poly()

 # 左侧眼睛
 turtle.goto(-8,60)
 turtle.seth(135)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(15,120)
 turtle.pu()
 turtle.goto(-8,60)
 turtle.seth(140)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(15,100)
 turtle.pu()

 # 鼻子
 # 鼻子上瓣
 turtle.goto(-6,45)
 turtle.seth(70)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-6,150)
 turtle.pu()
 # 鼻子下瓣
 turtle.goto(-6,45)
 turtle.seth(-70)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(6,150)
 turtle.pu()

 # 鼻线
 turtle.goto(0,40)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.forward(7)
 turtle.pu()

 # 上嘴线
 turtle.seth(200)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-15,60)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(0,33)
 turtle.seth(-20)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(15,60)
 turtle.pu()

 # 下嘴线
 turtle.goto(10,33)
 turtle.seth(260)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-15,65)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(-10,33)
 turtle.seth(280)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(15,65)
 turtle.pu()

 # 牙齿
 turtle.goto(4,33)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.forward(4)
 turtle.seth(180)
 turtle.forward(8)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.forward(4)
 turtle.pu()

 # 胡须
 turtle.pensize(2)
 turtle.goto(30,30)
 turtle.seth(8)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-60,40)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(30,25)
 turtle.seth(-5)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-60,40)
 turtle.pu()


 turtle.goto(-30,30)
 turtle.seth(172)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(60,40)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(-30,25)
 turtle.seth(188)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(60,40)
 turtle.pu()

 # 睫毛
 turtle.pensize(1)
 turtle.goto(30,58)
 turtle.seth(20)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(20,20)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.pensize(1)
 turtle.goto(28,62)
 turtle.seth(25)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(20,12)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.pensize(1)
 turtle.goto(-30,58)
 turtle.seth(160)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-20,20)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.pensize(1)
 turtle.goto(-28,62)
 turtle.seth(165)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-20,12)
 turtle.pu()

运行上述代码，我们可以看到鼠头可以完整地绘制出来了，如下动图所示：

二、绘制身体

接着，咱们来绘制老鼠的身体。我们（https://zmister.com）画的这个老鼠是一个穿着财神服站立拱手的老鼠，所以它的身体需要重点突出的是服装：

def body():
 # 左手
 turtle.goto(-25,8)
 turtle.seth(240)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(150,15)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.circle(40,15)
 turtle.circle(15,65)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.circle(10,100)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.forward(5)
 turtle.circle(10,100)
 turtle.seth(180)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.pu()
 # 右手
 turtle.goto(25,8)
 turtle.seth(-60)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.circle(-150,15)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.circle(-40,15)
 turtle.circle(-15,65)
 turtle.seth(180)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.circle(-10,100)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.forward(5)
 turtle.circle(-10,100)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.pu()

 # 袍子
 turtle.goto(-30,-48)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.forward(30)
 turtle.circle(10,100)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.forward(38)
 turtle.circle(10,100)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.forward(30)
 turtle.pu()

 # 领口
 turtle.goto(-20,4)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(300)
 turtle.circle(30,20)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.forward(25)
 turtle.seth(30)
 turtle.circle(30,20)
 turtle.pu()

 # 官带
 turtle.goto(-7,-38)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.forward(15)
 turtle.pu()
 turtle.goto(-30,-54)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.forward(60)
 turtle.pu()

 # 袍子上的波浪
 turtle.goto(-30,-80)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(-25,-85)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(-5,180)
 turtle.pu()

运行上述代码，我们可以看到老鼠身体的绘制过程，如下动图所示：

这里先不将其汇合在一起，待几个部件都完成之后，我们再将其组成一个完整地老鼠。

三、绘制手

上面绘制的身体还缺了两只手，对了，还有袍子上的一个大金钱，我们将其补上：

def hands():
 turtle.goto(-8, -25)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(30)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(-10, 50)
 turtle.seth(210)
 turtle.forward(18)

 turtle.back(10)
 turtle.seth(-45)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.back(10)
 turtle.seth(30)
 turtle.forward(8)
 turtle.seth(300)
 turtle.forward(5)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(0, -75)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(10)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(10, 90)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(10, 90)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.circle(10, 90)
 turtle.seth(180)
 turtle.circle(10, 90)
 turtle.pu()

拱手和金钱没有和身体结合在一起时，暂时看不出上面效果来，如下动图所示：

四、绘制帽子

老鼠还戴了一顶金钱帽，咱们（zmister.com）现在给它加上：

def hat():
 # 画帽子
 turtle.goto(-20,98)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(80)
 turtle.forward(20)
 turtle.seth(60)
 turtle.circle(-20,140)
 turtle.seth(-85)
 turtle.forward(18)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(-20,98)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(80)
 turtle.forward(5)
 turtle.seth(30)
 turtle.forward(22)
 turtle.seth(-25)
 turtle.forward(24)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(0,127)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(5)
 turtle.pu()

 turtle.goto(0,125)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.forward(10)
 turtle.pu()

 # 右边抖带
 turtle.goto(19,110)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(30)
 turtle.circle(40,50)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(10)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.seth(180)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.pu()

 # 左边抖带
 turtle.goto(-19,110)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(150)
 turtle.circle(-40,50)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(10)
 turtle.seth(90)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.seth(0)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.seth(270)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.seth(180)
 turtle.circle(10,90)
 turtle.pu()

帽子主要都是由圆构成，其绘制过程如下动图所示：

五、绘制尾巴

先不着急为老鼠带上金钱帽，我们还忘记了老鼠有一根长长的尾巴，为它补上吧：

def tail():
 turtle.goto(30, -60)
 turtle.pd()
 turtle.seth(20)
 turtle.circle(40, 80)
 turtle.circle(-20, 180)
 turtle.circle(-10, 90)

尾巴就是两个方向相反弧度不同的圆，效果我们就不演示了。最后将其结合在一起：

if __name__ == '__main__':
 head()
 body()
 hands()
 hat()
 tail()
 turtle.done()

我们就可以看到一个完整的鼠年福鼠绘制过程，如下动图所示：

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的通过Turtle库在Python中绘制一个鼠年福鼠，希望对大家有帮助！

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