python MultipartEncoder传输zip文件实例

需求：对方提供处理文件的接口，本地将待处理文件压缩后，通过http post multipart方式上传，等待处理完成后从相应连接下载结果

代码：

import os
import time
import zipfile
import requests
from requests_toolbelt.multipart.encoder import MultipartEncoder


class Func4Fuxi(object):

  def __init__(self):
    self.remote_result = 0

  # 压缩文件 
  def zip_dir(self, dirname, zipfilename):
    filelist = []
    if os.path.isfile(dirname):
      filelist.append(dirname)
    else:
      for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dirname):
        for name in files:
          filelist.append(os.path.join(root, name))
      zf = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilename, mode="w", compression=zipfile.zlib.DEFLATED, allowZip64=True)
      for tar in filelist:
        arcname = tar[len(dirname):]
        zf.write(tar, arcname)
      zf.close()

  # 解压文件 
  def unzip_file(self, zipfilename, unziptodir):
    if not os.path.exists(unziptodir):
      os.mkdir(unziptodir)
    zfobj = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilename)
    for name in zfobj.namelist():
      name = name.replace('\\', '/')
      if name.endswith('/'):
        os.mkdir(os.path.join(unziptodir, name))
      else:
        ext_filename = os.path.join(unziptodir, name)
        ext_dir = os.path.dirname(ext_filename)
        if not os.path.exists(ext_dir):
          os.mkdir(ext_dir)
        outfile = open(ext_filename, 'wb')
        outfile.write(zfobj.read(name))
        outfile.close()

  # 下载
  def download_result(self, filename):
    filename.replace('\\', '/')
    file = filename.split('/')[-1]
    URL = '--------------'
    re = requests.get(URL+'?name='+file, stream=True)
    self.remote_result = re.status_code
    if self.remote_result == 200:
      print("find result,try to download")
      f = open("download_"+file, "wb")
      for chunk in re.iter_content(chunk_size=512):
        if chunk:
          f.write(chunk)
      print("download result success")
    return self.remote_result

  # 上传
  def upload_zip(self, filename):
    self.remote_result = 0
    filename.replace('\\', '/')
    file = filename.split('/')[-1]
    file_tup = (file, open(filename, 'rb'), 'application/zip')
    URL = '-----------------'
    #fields属性根据对方接口说明设置
    m = MultipartEncoder(
      fields={'name': file, 'zipfile': file_tup}
    )

    re = requests.post(URL, data=m, headers={'Content-Type': m.content_type})
    self.remote_result = re.status_code
    if self.remote_result == 200:
      print("upload success")
    else:
      print("upload failed")
    return self.remote_result

补充知识：Python模拟浏览器上传文件脚本（Multipart/form-data格式）

http协议本身的原始方法不支持multipart/form-data请求，这个请求由原始方法演变而来的。

multipart/form-data的基础方法是post，也就是说是由post方法来组合实现的，与post方法的不同之处：请求头，请求体。

multipart/form-data的请求头必须包含一个特殊的头信息：

Content-Type，且其值也必须规定为multipart/form-data，同时还需要规定一个内容分割符用于分割请求体中的多个post的内容，如文件内容和文本内容自然需要分割开来，不然接收方就无法正常解析和还原这个文件了。

具体的头信息如下：

Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=${bound}

实例：

import os, random, sys, requests
from requests_toolbelt.multipart.encoder import MultipartEncoder

url = 'http://127.0.0.1/sendmsg'
argvstr = sys.argv[1:]
argv_dict = {}
for argv in argvstr :
  argv = str(argv).replace("\r\n" , "")
  DICT = eval(argv)
  argv_dict.update(DICT)

headers = {
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:50.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/50.0',
  'Referer': url
  }

multipart_encoder = MultipartEncoder(
  fields={
    'username': argv_dict['username'],
    'pwd': argv_dict['pwd'],
    'type': 'txt',
    'friendfield': argv_dict['friendfield'],
    'friend': argv_dict['friend'],
    'content': argv_dict['content'],
    'file': (os.path.basename(argv_dict['file']) , open(argv_dict['file'], 'rb'), 'application/octet-stream')
    #file为路径
    },
    boundary='-----------------------------' + str(random.randint(1e28, 1e29 - 1))
  )

headers['Content-Type'] = multipart_encoder.content_type
#请求头必须包含一个特殊的头信息，类似于Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=${bound}

r = requests.post(url, data=multipart_encoder, headers=headers)
print(r.text)
#注意，不要设置cookies等其他参数，否则会报错

# 例子/usr/local/python36/bin/python3 /opt/lykchat/test_upload.py "{'username':'lykchat','pwd':'123456','type':'img','friendfield':'1','friend':'xxxx','content':'恭喜发财','file':'/root/b.jpg'}"
#等同于curl -F "file=@/root/a" 'http://127.0.0.1/sendmsg?username=lykchat&pwd=123456&type=img&friendfield=1&friend=xxxx&content=恭喜发财'

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