套索(Lasso)是与套索选区(LassoSelector)相似的matplotlib部件(widgets),两者的区别主要在于:
继承关系:
构造参数:
事件处理:
Lasso类构造函数的参数为:
套索可以使用matplotlib.path.Path类的contains_point方法获取选区内的数据点。
貌似 Lasso是实验性API,还不够完善,matplotlib 3.3之后可能逐步废弃 Lasso。
官方案例,https://matplotlib.org/3.2.1/gallery/event_handling/lasso_demo.html
案例说明
from matplotlib import colors as mcolors, path
from matplotlib.collections import RegularPolyCollection
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.widgets import Lasso
import numpy as np
class Datum:
colorin = mcolors.to_rgba("red")
colorout = mcolors.to_rgba("blue")
def __init__(self, x, y, include=False):
self.x = x
self.y = y
if include:
self.color = self.colorin
else:
self.color = self.colorout
class LassoManager:
def __init__(self, ax, data):
self.axes = ax
self.canvas = ax.figure.canvas
self.data = data
self.Nxy = len(data)
facecolors = [d.color for d in data]
self.xys = [(d.x, d.y) for d in data]
self.collection = RegularPolyCollection(
6, sizes=(100,),
facecolors=facecolors,
offsets=self.xys,
transOffset=ax.transData)
ax.add_collection(self.collection)
self.cid = self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.onpress)
def callback(self, verts):
facecolors = self.collection.get_facecolors()
p = path.Path(verts)
ind = p.contains_points(self.xys)
for i in range(len(self.xys)):
if ind[i]:
facecolors[i] = Datum.colorin
else:
facecolors[i] = Datum.colorout
self.canvas.draw_idle()
self.canvas.widgetlock.release(self.lasso)
del self.lasso
def onpress(self, event):
if self.canvas.widgetlock.locked():
return
if event.inaxes is None:
return
self.lasso = Lasso(event.inaxes,
(event.xdata, event.ydata),
self.callback)
# acquire a lock on the widget drawing
self.canvas.widgetlock(self.lasso)
if __name__ == '__main__':
np.random.seed(19680801)
data = [Datum(*xy) for xy in np.random.rand(100, 2)]
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(0, 1), ylim=(0, 1), autoscale_on=False)
ax.set_title('Lasso points using left mouse button')
lman = LassoManager(ax, data)
plt.show()
案例的关键代码在于LassoManager类的onpress方法和callback方法。由于Lasso类在事件处理上比较原始,需要用户进行控制,在鼠标按下、释放事件中需要使用canvas.widgetlock对象锁定/解锁绘图功能,保证只有一个对象进行绘图,canvas.widgetlock是matplotlib.widgets.LockDraw类的实例。
尽量使用套索选区(LassoSelector)而不是套索(Lasso),两者功能相似,索选区(LassoSelector)使用相对更简单一些,套索(Lasso)还有一些BUG,matplotlib 3.3已不再推荐使用。
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