从 gif 直观地感受一下效果

我有大量 url 需要访问，但是有些 url 会超时

为了避免超时，设置driver.set_page_load_timeout(3)限时3秒，一旦超时就会产生 TimeoutException

而且超时后标签页就卡柱了，只能通过 driver.close()关闭

如果你只有一个标签页，关闭就直接退出了，还得重启

自然想到先保留一个备用的标签，原标签超时需要关闭的时候就切换过来，然后再关闭，并打开新标签，保证任何时候都有两个标签页可用！！

def visit(urls, timeout=3):
 driver.implicitly_wait(timeout) # 操作、获取元素时的隐式等待时间
 driver.set_page_load_timeout(timeout) # 页面加载超时等待时间

 main_win = driver.current_window_handle

 for url in urls:
  all_win = driver.window_handles
  try:
   if len(all_win) == 1:
    driver.execute_script('window.open();')
   driver.get(url)
   # 页面处理
   pass

  except Exception:
   for win in all_win:
    if main_win != win:
     driver.close() # 关闭卡住的标签
     driver.switch_to.window(win) # 切换到备用标签
     main_win = win # 切换到备用标签
     break

完整代码

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import time
import requests
import zipfile
import os

def un_zip(file_name, to_dir='./'):
 """unzip zip file"""
 zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(file_name)
 if os.path.isdir(to_dir):
  pass
 else:
  os.mkdir(to_dir)
 for names in zip_file.namelist():
  zip_file.extract(names, to_dir)
 zip_file.close()


def download_driver(to_dir='./', version=''):
 print('install chrome-driver first')
 url = 'http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/LATEST_RELEASE'
 if len(version)>0:
  url = 'http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/LATEST_RELEASE_'+version

 version = requests.get(url).content.decode('utf8')
 driver_file = 'http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/' + version + '/chromedriver_win32.zip'
 r = requests.get(driver_file)
 download_zip = "chromedriver_win32.zip"
 with open(download_zip, "wb") as code:
  code.write(r.content)
 un_zip(download_zip, to_dir)
 os.remove(download_zip)


try:
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
except Exception as e:
 download_driver(to_dir='./', version='76')
 driver = webdriver.Chrome()

with open("url.txt", 'r') as file:
 urls = [ line.strip('\n') for line in file.readlines()]

visit(urls)

for i in driver.window_handles:
 driver.switch_to.window(i)
 driver.close()

总结

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