因项目需要根据指定格式的文件生成XML标注文件，可以方便使用LabelImg打开进行编辑和查看。其原始文件默认使用逗号进行分隔，如下所示：

• 第1个值：原始图片中切图小文件，以AIpng_x，其中x代表原始图片的第几个切图文件
• 第2~5值：分别对应于ymin, xmin, ymax, xmax
• 第6个值：代表对应的标签标注
  

    在生成XML文件时，需要对其进行汇总，即将属于同一个原始文件的切图小文件的标注汇总到一起，其实现代码如下所示：

import os
from Logger import MyLogger
from xml.dom.minidom import Document
from collections import defaultdict
import re

class OpeateXML:

  def __init__(self, srcPath: str, targetPath: str, srcFileName: str):
    self._srcPath = srcPath
    self._targetPath = targetPath
    self._srcFileName = srcFileName

  def readSrcFileName(self, fileEncoding="utf8") -> dict:
    data = defaultdict(list)
    s = re.compile("\.AIpng_\d{1,}", re.IGNORECASE)
    srcFileFullPath = os.path.join(self._srcPath, self._srcFileName)
    try:
      with open(srcFileFullPath, mode="r", encoding=fileEncoding, errors="ignore") as fr:
        for content in fr.readlines():
          data[s.sub(".AIpng",content.strip().split(",")[0])].append(content.strip())
    except Exception as ex:
      MyLogger().error(f"OperateXML:read file error:\n{ex}")
      return {}
    else:
      # data.sort(key=lambda x: x.strip().split(",")[0])
      return data

  def createXML(self, data: dict, fileEncoding="utf8"):
    if data:
      try:
        for k,v in data.items():
          doc = Document()
          # 创建根节点
          rootNode = doc.createElement("annotation")
          # 添加根节点
          doc.appendChild(rootNode)

          folder = doc.createElement("folder")
          folderText = doc.createTextNode(self._targetPath)
          folder.appendChild(folderText)
          rootNode.appendChild(folder)

          filename = doc.createElement("filename")
          filenameText = doc.createTextNode(k)
          filename.appendChild(filenameText)
          rootNode.appendChild(filename)

          path = doc.createElement("path")
          pathText = doc.createTextNode(os.path.join(self._targetPath,k))
          path.appendChild(pathText)
          rootNode.appendChild(path)
          for i in v:
            tmpData = i.strip().split(",")
            if len(tmpData) == 6:
              _, ymin, xmin, ymax, xmax, labelName = tmpData

              objectObj = doc.createElement("object")
              rootNode.appendChild(objectObj)

              objectName = doc.createElement("name")
              objectNameText = doc.createTextNode(labelName)
              objectName.appendChild(objectNameText)
              objectObj.appendChild(objectName)

              objectBndBox = doc.createElement("bndbox")
              objectObj.appendChild(objectBndBox)

              objectBndBoxXmin = doc.createElement("xmin")
              objectBndBoxYmin = doc.createElement("ymin")
              objectBndBoxXmax = doc.createElement("xmax")
              objectBndBoxYmax = doc.createElement("ymax")

              objectBndBoxXminText = doc.createTextNode(xmin)
              objectBndBoxYminText = doc.createTextNode(ymin)
              objectBndBoxXmaxText = doc.createTextNode(xmax)
              objectBndBoxYmaxText = doc.createTextNode(ymax)

              objectBndBox.appendChild(objectBndBoxXmin)
              objectBndBox.appendChild(objectBndBoxYmin)
              objectBndBox.appendChild(objectBndBoxXmax)
              objectBndBox.appendChild(objectBndBoxYmax)

              objectBndBoxXmin.appendChild(objectBndBoxXminText)
              objectBndBoxYmin.appendChild(objectBndBoxYminText)
              objectBndBoxXmax.appendChild(objectBndBoxXmaxText)
              objectBndBoxYmax.appendChild(objectBndBoxYmaxText)

              objectObj.appendChild(objectBndBox)
            else:
              continue

          # save xml
          xmlName=os.path.splitext(k)[0]+".xml"
          targetPath = os.path.join(self._targetPath, xmlName)
          with open(targetPath, mode="w", encoding=fileEncoding) as fw:
            doc.writexml(fw, indent="\t", newl="\n", addindent="\t", encoding=fileEncoding)
      except Exception as ex:
        MyLogger().error(f"OperateXML:Save xml error\n{ex}")
        return

if __name__ == '__main__':
  srcPath = r"C:\Users\Surpass\Documents\PycharmProjects\data\TEST-8\outs"
  srcName = "locations.txt"
  targetPath = r"C:\Users\Surpass\Documents\PycharmProjects\data\TEST-8\outs\in_number"
  operateXML = OpeateXML(srcPath, targetPath, srcName)
  a = operateXML.readSrcFileName()
  operateXML.createXML(a)

    最终生成的XML效果如下所示：

    在LabelImg中的效果如下所示：

以上就是Python根据指定文件生成XML的方法的详细内容，更多关于Python生成XML的资料请关注python博客其它相关文章！